Copyright 2023. Therefore, it is worth protecting your inventory of empty corrugated boxes to ensure that: Guidelines for proper handling and storage of empty boxes, developed by theFibre Box Association and the Packaging Machinery Manufacturers Institute, have been summarized and presented below. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of steel containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. By not making a selection you will be agreeing to the use of our cookies. Still have a question about the data? While having a certain amount of moisture in the air (around 6% 7%) will ensure proper creasing, avoid cracks, maintain good bending and impact resistance, as well as cushioning and shock absorption, higher humidity levels can actually have a negative impact on those characteristics of corrugated board that we value most. The pallet is designated as damaged on delivery from the plant, and the carrier takes it back. All rights reserved. Gaposis that originates at the palletizer dramatically increases the potential for damage. 3 0 obj Please click here to see any active alerts. Source: American Forest and Paper Association. | The corrugated industry is acting in an environment where the requirements of customers are getting more and more strict and demanding. The type of dunnage selected depends on the type of shipment and the other packaging materials being used, as well as convenience and price. Using an interlocked pattern, which rotates each layer on the load, can destroy up to 50% of the compression strength. Learn more about the communities and organizations we serve. So, how extensive is the problem? Relative humidity is the amount of water the air can hold at a given temperature, so there is a direct relationship between temperature and humidity. The new national standard states that the moisture content of the paper should not be above 14%, which means that the paperboard has an . Before putting together a plan, lets examine how product damage occurs and some questions to ponder. Storing & Handling Guidelines - Corrugated & Cardboard Box 834. . JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. Keep learning with our Hospital Breakfast Briefings Webinar Series. Logically, the more packaging there is, the more protection there should be. If no, please comment on how we could improve this response. Packaging Digest is part of the Informa Markets Division of Informa PLC. }]'YfN U zQnh)=nozo3gip&I|-5S|G~x?SAYY?\YX5~Z0oE8f6:34cw& XvZ-r) 4xB*vtlZsvq{ s8eSp|GcS*=hX f+*Pga!,#`~PT(9Ux]Ep|%P?>/+|xI 2$J[sASSt!X%PE$tC]a =J@5.F2` q p-"Aw;q^0rDNQNdS0Z"'Szt#c7Fz{DTm+p?iKB0)i:,3bJA41) Over his 25-year career Bodenheimer has spoken on a wide variety of topics includingreverse logistics, health and beauty accessories and damage research. Check out our Frequent Questions page. Remember, without the lowly corrugated box, the product cannot be shipped! Fluctuations in humidity can impact it even further. Palletizing boxes so that they are columnar, or vertically stacked (stacking one box directly on top of the other) is the preferred method. endobj So, although eliminating damages completely from supply chains is unrealistic, companies can approach the issue pragmatically and establish a system to measure and monitor the process so improvements can be made more efficiently. Returning to the 95% statistic that opened this article, its division among the versions of corrugated might vary; however, corrugated, as an overall category, will retain its dominance. In a more recent publication,The Fundamentals of Packaging Technology(c.2013), an increase in RH from 40% to 90% can result in a loss of about 50% of a corrugated containers stack strength. Therefore a corrugated shipping case headed for humid conditions will need to be much stronger in order to compensate for this loss. Containers and packaging products in MSW are made of several materials: paper and paperboard, glass, steel, aluminum, plastics, wood, and small amounts of other materials. The construction of a box can become even more complicated for dangerous goods. Wandering around hoping to find treasuresor in this case, problemsisnt a strategy when so much money is on the line. We help you measure, assess and improve your performance. OW8lF0Bd9n?DL0C S\E vmi]L'E`f ur4Z{.+};pf K@i%LEwpX9hH %PDF-1.5 With the landscape of product damage defined, the path toward improvement must start with a robust system that helps pinpoint where efforts need to be focused. In fact, when boxes are stacked on a pallet with as little as inch hanging-over, as much as 30% of their strength is lost! The moisture content of corrugated materials prefers a state of equilibrium with atmospheric humidity. Please click here to see any active alerts. Typical analog range is 0-10% moisture and up to as much as 40%, subject to . . endobj Surprisingly, the top tier is third on the vulnerability scale. Although it would be difficult to calculate the reduction of strength under fluctuating conditions over time, the chart below (Protective Packaging for Distribution, 2010) is used to determine the compression strength loss over time under various environmental conditions. Other aluminum packaging is based on Aluminum Association data. In establishing practices meant to assure that corrugated is fit for its intended purposes, the guidelines are, Keep out of reach of hazardous conditions, and, Handle with care., _____________________________________________________________________________________________, Sterling Anthony is a consultant, specializing in the strategic use of marketing, logistics, and packaging. SRI also provided recycling data for steel containers and packaging. PCR Content Popularity Gains on the Horizon, unPACKed podcast: MRFs & Flexible Packaging Need to Coexist, Food Lion Brand Demos Advanced Recycling-Based Circular System. This method, however, makes it difficult to keep the load intact during handling. The solution here is to make sure you are using the proper pallet size or the proper palletizing pattern to avoid overhang. Advice for deriving the most from corrugated packaging. The FEFCO GMP standard was launched at the end of 2003, renewed in 2006, to ensure that corrugated boxes meet all the requirements of quality, safety and hygiene. But, did you know that merely changing the way you stack and palletize your boxes could significantly affect their performance? Its important to monitor whether the recommended pre-stretchage is being adhered to in the process. Ensure that pallets are free of nails, large splinters, and other sharp objects that can damage corrugated boxes. Excessive moisture or water can soften or even dissolve the corrugating adhesive, causing delamination; a box that literally falls apart won't offer much protection. Carton box moisture control. The generation of steel food cans and other cans, and other steel packaging (e.g., strapping, and steel barrels and drums), totaled 2.2 million tons in 2018 (0.8 percent of total MSW generation), with most of that amount representing cans for food products. EPA based its generation estimates on data supplied by the Steel Recycling Institute (SRI). At FlexPAC, we take a customer-first approach through creative insights and data collection to create turnkey solutions in the areas of packaging products, package design, facility equipment & products, safety equipment, and training. The total amount of paper and paperboard combusted in 2018was 4.2million tons. The updated document is now available here. Engineering, however, does not solve every problem that can be encountered with corrugated. Corrugated cardboard boxes are no exception. See how our expertise and rigorous standards can help organizations like yours. Many suppliers have paper or cardboard distribution boxes that are designed for use in laboratory, pharmacy, patient care areas or sterile storage areas. EPA estimated that the generation of these glass containers was 9.8 million tons in 2018, or 3.3percent of MSW generation. % At FlexPAC, we have tools and experience to help determine the right corrugated board grade for a given situation. Our team has worked with countless companies whose boxes have faced just about every environmental condition imaginable. Water is used in the corrugated board production and aids in creating the liner board, forming the flute structure, and as part of the starch adhesive that combines them. Before putting together a plan to reduce package damage during distribution and transportation through the supply chain, you need to examine how damage occurs and ponder these questions. The ideal temperature and humidity are 72 F, 50% RH1. line startup. His contact information is: 100 Renaissance Center- P.O. Pallets should be of quality construction; otherwise, splinters, protruding nails, and other defects can inflict damage. Tell us what you're looking for and we'll do our best to make it work! Stay up to date with all the latest Joint Commission news, blog posts, webinars, and communications. An official website of the United States government. Containers and Packaging: Product-Specific Data | US EPA shippers) accounting for the overwhelmingly majority of that volume. Container and packaging products, especially corrugated boxes, are among frequently recycled products. In 2018, the recycling rate of generated packaging and containers was 53.9 percent. However, once the corrugated is manufactured, moisture regulation is critical, so the corrugated board is dried to achieve a moisture content of 10-12% to optimize it for strength and prevent box manufacturing issues, such as: Maintaining the moisture content of the corrugated box plays a critical role in its performance. FEFCO has updated the GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) document in March 2020. Alternate bundle direction, or alternate loose boxes at intervals for greater stability. What are some specific problems caused by moisture? FEFCO Technical Specifications for Converting Equipment_V1.2is meant to support all those in the industry who are involved in selecting converting machines, defining the specifications of the machines, commissioning the machines and using them after installation. BRC/IOP, MCAS) and therefore multi-audits are superfluous. The corrugated industry produces the N1 transport packaging in the world. PDF GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CORRUGATED BOXES - Snap-on Store boxes off the floor, on pallets or other flat dunnage. At the single-facer, it is heated, moistened, and formed into a fluted pattern on geared wheels. Sources: Aluminum Association data are used for generation of aluminum packaging and recycling of aluminum cans. Consider: Is there overhang or underhang? Containers and packaging are used in the shipping, storage and protection of products. This web page provides an overview of data on containers and packaging in municipal solid waste (MSW). It combines loading pallets straight and turned. Looking for other information? of strength/force applied to hold the product together. A property of corrugated is flat-crush resistance; even so, that property should not be exceeded by superimposed weights. And unfortunately, humidity is one factor that cannot always be controlled. How Humidity Affects Corrugated Boxes - FlexPAC An official website of the United States government. The main purpose of packaging is to provide protection for products. Stack boxes only on smooth, clean surfaces. Corrugate is 71% weaker at 95% humidity vs. 50% humidity. The recycling rate for corrugated boxes was 96.5 percent. Easy Way to Analyze Moisture Content of Corrugated Boxes - prestogroup This web page is a brief summary of paper and paperboard material-specific data. | Cardboard in storage quantities (recommend consultation with your Fire Marshal) should be placed in hazardous areas protected per LS.02.01.30 and cannot obstruct the means of egress in accordance with standard LS.02.01.20. The total generation of paper and paperboard in MSW was 67.4 million tons in 2018, which was 23.1percent of total MSW generation that year. Other paper packaging, such as cartons and sacks, is mostly recycled as mixed papers. Facts and Figures about Materials, Waste and Recycling. While the recycling of corrugated boxes is by far the largest component of paper packaging recycling, smaller amounts of other paper packaging products also enter the recycling stream (estimated at about 1.8 million tons in 2018). Is there a viable solution? FEFCO Corrugated Packaging Recyclability Guidelines - design for circularity. On the surface this number might seem small, but the ramifications can be quite large. Containers and packaging make up a major portion ofmunicipal solid waste (MSW), amounting to 82.2 million tons of generation in 2018 (28.1 percent of total generation). Keywords: Relative humidity, Moisture, Scumming, Ink peeling, Crisp, Temperature, Flute, Liner, Curling. <>>> 2)XxN=.26^k )B7/-:vb aZ-NQ@4M The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of aluminum containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of plastic containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. The overall recycling rate for paper and paperboard packaging was 80.9 percent in 2018. Glass containers include beer and soft drink bottles, wine and liquor bottles, as well as bottles and jars for food and juices, cosmetics, and other products. Number 8860726. Evidence of damage is heavy creasing to the corrugate, a punctured case or other tell-tale signs, such as tears and rips. The stacking of unit loads saves space; however, some type of flat cover should be placed on the top of a unit load in order to evenly distribute the superimposed weight. A key element of this strategy is a root cause analysis, which reveals the where, what, why aspects of product damage, setting the stage for impactful, money-saving improvements throughout the supply chain. Moisture not only affects corrugated functionally, it also diminishes the appearance of the container. An excel testing template is available as a tool to support the statistical evaluation of the test results and communication with suppliers/customers. Corrugated box design is the process of matching design factors for corrugated fiberboard boxes with the functional physical, processing and end-use requirements. Containers and packaging include products such as corrugated boxes, milk cartons, and bags and sacks (See the definitions of nondurable goods and containers and packaging for more information). They are also larger, using more air volume to accommodate the greater weight of truck and load. The corrugated board is considered as the second most used packaging material and the world's environmentally acceptable solution for packaging, with wide range of applications. Recycling data for other aluminum packaging categories were not available for 2018. This may require storage away from doorways that are opened frequently. Set expectations for your organization's performance that are reasonable, achievable and survey-able. When a corrugated board is produced, the liners and fluted mediums are held together with a starch adhesive, typically food grade corn starch. Faced with the manufacturing-industry standard of a two-hour unload window or risk hefty detention charges, retailers frequently reject entire unit loads at the dockeven if only one or two cartons are damaged. 0k2d% u:EN0xIueRf/#:{TM,IVV Uf=x(O'*X* %il _3DF=QF w(&TzSy%*ty{v9b Odt~lcgAUV\? NEW: Auditors need to renew certification documents every 5 years. Even stretching the limits of extreme accountability, its virtually impossible for an inanimate objectsay, a case of twenty-four 18oz cans of cornto heed a common warning: Travel at your own risk., Or even the caution Items may shift during loading.. The more in-depth information you uncover and the more precisely you can identify the sources of the issues, the better youll be able to develop and execute a corrective action plan. the moisture content of box board paper is (12 4)% moisture content is the moisture content in the paperboard, expressed in percentage, and the calculation formula is: moisture content = (original weight of sample - weight of sample after drying) 100% /original weight of sample In todays workplace, five generations are actively employed. The recycling rate of PET bottles and jars was 29.1 percent in 2018 (910,000 tons). By unitization, we simply mean the process of bundling and securing several individual packages together, often on a pallet. We should do our best to keep boxes relatively dry because humidity can have a huge impact on their performance. it can produce a certificate at the customer's request, it can offer better product quality through better control and. EPA estimated the amount of generation of aluminum cans using Aluminum Association data on the number of cans consumed domestically and on average can weight. Another way to stabilize, secure and protect loads in a trailer is by using dunnage, such as air bags, partitions, braces and load locks. Registered in England and Wales. Stretch film, also known as stretch wrap or pallet wrap, is one of the most popular unitization materials on the market. rAbuZrVI4*S~BA/9xd)0u But theres a way to maximize its space. Overall, the amount of recycled plastic containers and packaging in 2018 was almost 2 million tons or 13.6 percent of plastic containers and packaging generated. Store boxes flat from the time they are received until they are ready for use. The degree of moisture resistance varies from manufacturer to manufacturer and also depends on the conditions where the boxes will be used. In addition to the structural design discussed in this article, printed bar codes, labels, and graphic . The FEFCO GMP standard was launched at the end of 2003, renewed in 2006, to ensure that corrugated boxes meet all the requirements of quality, safety and hygiene. If other suppliers could provide measurement devices, please inform FEFCO. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of wood packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. Knowing this, corrugated board manufacturers add small amounts of resins to the adhesive to give it moisture resistance. Whereas too much moisture is problematic, so too is too little. There are three main causes of compression-loss when palletizing boxes: Pallet Overhang, Wooden Pallets, and Interlocked Stacking Patterns. In very humid environments, such as a warehouse with an uncontrolled climate in the summertime, stacking strength is greatly reduced. Corrugated boxes stored under ideal conditions will remain usable for a long period of time. MoistTech is very experienced with the requirements in the corrugated board moisture control process. Workers have a couple options. Beginning in 2009, the Glass Packaging Institute provided production data. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. From travel distance to changes in road conditions and elevation, transportation can have wide-ranging effects on the level of product damage. Smaller proportions were combusted for energy recovery (3.7 percent) and landfilled (15.4 percent). Less-than-ideal or fluctuating conditions reduce their effectiveness and shorten their useful life. A matter of protection: The environment or the product? Its fair to say that billions of productsall types, all sizes, all purposesmake the trip from the manufacturing plant to a distribution center to a retail store. Moisture Range for Paper: 4% to 18% Moisture range for baled scrap paper: 6% to 40% Selection of paper types : 3 The setting of Tolerance limits Displays Pass-Fail Report Average of up to 100 readings displayed Data storage: max 300 readings (100 per paper type) Inbuilt Calibration Facility Battery Type: Compact 9V Alkaline Battery Saving mode When relative humidity increases, the corrugated board will pull moisture from the air until it reaches the same moisture content level. At 85% RH, a box has 50% of its potential stacking strength. Paperboards were subjected to WVTR test for 7 days at 22C temperature, 55% humidity and 42C temperature, 85%humidity values using Thwing-Al-bert EZ-Cup Vapometer Permeability Cups. In 2018, paper and paperboard (cardboard) materials comprised the largest component of municipal solid waste (MSW). Moisture and temperature are important considerations when discussing the strength and longevity of corrugated boxes. Corrugated never should be stored in direct contact with the floor as that invites contamination and damage from a variety of sources. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Much as it would be convenient to attribute dents, rips, and punctures to the products themselves, the inconvenient truth is the supply chain is an imperfect mover. Relative humidity regularly varies between 30 to 90 percent depending on location . Corrugated cardboard boxes are susceptible to moisture, water, vermin and bacteria during warehouse or storeroom storage, as well as transportation environments. Water is used in the corrugated board production and aids in creating the liner board, forming the flute structure, and as part of the starch adhesive that combines them. FEFCO GMP standard is developed for the manufacturing of packaging made of corrugated board in order to support companies to fulfilthe legal requirements according to EU Regulations 1935/2004/EG for food contact materials and EU Regulation 2023/2006 on good manufacturing practices (See document below). %PDF-1.5 Humidity varies by region and season, a fact intuitively grasped by all. Following these simple guidelines will maximize the performance and prolong the useful life of your corrugated boxes: The preceding information and illustrations on how to store and handle corrugated boxes are from the Fibre Box Handbook (Fibre Box Association, Rolling Meadows, IL, 1992), Do you have a project GLBC can help out with? The most common culprit of compression-loss is boxes hanging over the edge of the pallet. Nondurable goods made of paper, excluding newspapers, had a recycling rate of 43.1 percent, while newspapers had a recycling rate of 64.8 percent. The multipliers can be used to calculate compression loss for specific situations. Gather the data you need to create insights that will help you reduce risk, increase efficiency, and improve performance across your organization. According to industry numbers, corrugated is utilized for 95% of packaged goods, with boxes (i.e.

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