Advertisement madison624521 The answer is C. Central Asia Advertisement fa3087 Answer: C Explanation: The Mycenaean Era occupies the tail end of the Helladic Civilization, which flourished in mainland Greece since 3000 BCE. The Mycenaeans are thought to be a group of Indo-European speaking people from Central Asia who invaded Greece across the Anatolian plateau and/or from the north through the Danube region. The statuary of the period consists for the most part of small terracotta figurines found at almost every Mycenaean site in mainland Greecein tombs, in settlement debris, and occasionally in cult contexts (Tiryns, Agios Konstantinos on Methana). The largest city (although not a capital city in any sense) was Mycenae, built on an impressive citadel and hill over 278 metres (912 ft.) above sea level where there are remains of large 'palace' buildings and hundreds of tombs and shaft graves, including nine large stone tholos tombs (1600-1300 BCE). Similar service was also performed by the aristocracy. In c.1220 BC, the king of Ahhiyawa is again reported to have been involved in an anti-Hittite uprising in western Anatolia. [126] The drug trade in Mycenaean Greece is traced as early as 1650-1350 BC, with opium poppies being traded in the eastern Mediterranean. Another typical feature of Mycenaean megalithic construction was the use of a relieving triangle above a lintel blockan opening, often triangular, designed to reduce the weight over the lintel. In Boeotia, Thebes was burned to the ground, around that year or slightly later. [70], It appears that after this first wave of destruction a short-lived revival of Mycenaean culture followed. The throne was generally found on the right-hand side upon entering the room, while the interior of the megaron was lavishly decorated, flaunting images designed intentionally to demonstrate the political and religious power of the ruler. [33][35] Among the various burial types, the shaft grave became the most common form of elite burial, a feature that gave the name to the early period of Mycenaean Greece. [70] The extension program in Mycenae almost doubled the fortified area of the citadel. The most famous is the Treasury of Atreus, a tholos. [84] Another theory considers the decline of the Mycenaean civilization as a manifestation of a common pattern for the decline of many ancient civilizations: the Minoan, the Harappan and the Western Roman Empire; the reason for the decline is migration due to overpopulation. Wood J. R., Hsu, Y-T and Bell, C. 2021 Sending Laurion Back to the Future: Bronze Age Silver and the Source of Confusion, Internet Archaeology 56. Lesson 2: How did the Minoans and Mycenaeans take advantage of Greece's [227] Several Mycenaean attributes and achievements were borrowed or held in high regard in later periods, so it would be no exaggeration to consider Mycenaean Greece as a cradle of civilization. [83], Alternative scenarios propose that the fall of Mycenaean Greece was a result of internal disturbances which led to internecine warfare among the Mycenaean states or civil unrest in a number of states, as a result of the strict hierarchical social system and the ideology of the wanax. b. India. Despite this rich archaeological and textual history, the origins of the Minoans have long puzzled researchers. Beyond trading relations, the exact political relationship between the over 100 Mycenaean centres spread across Greece is not clear. The Mycenaean Megaron was the precursor for the later Archaic and Classical temples of the Greek world and consisted of an entrance porch, a vestibule, and the hall itself. [33] A number of centers of power emerged in southern mainland Greece dominated by a warrior elite society;[3][31] while the typical dwellings of that era were an early type of megaron buildings, some more complex structures are classified as forerunners of the later palaces. The space was filled with some lighter stone. [182][183] A representative piece of Mycenaean armor is the Dendra panoply (c.14501400 BC) which consisted of a cuirass of a complete set of armor made up of several elements of bronze. He was a chthonic deity, connected with earthquakes (E-ne-si-da-o-ne: Earth-shaker), but it seems that he also represented the river spirit of the underworld. The chemical compositions of the silver objects indicate that the silver was sourced from several locations. The name derives from the site of Mycenae in the Peloponnesos, where once stood a great Mycenaean fortified palace. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. This is because of three different reasons. The Mycenaean civilization was located on the Greek mainland, mostly on the Peloponnese, the southern peninsula of Greece. They have brought together several scholars in the fields of the humanities and the arts, each a specialist in their particular sectio. The Mycenaeans were influenced by the earlier Minoan civilization (2000-1450 BCE) which had spread from its origins at Knossos, Crete to include the wider Aegean. These two rival armies worked together to defeat the Persians in 480BC, ANGLAIS LANGUES ET AFFAIRES - BUSINESS in the. Its territory would have also included adjacent centers, including Tiryns and Nauplion, which could plausibly be ruled by a member of Mycenae's ruling dynasty. The first attributes the destruction of Mycenaean sites to invaders. Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde Islands, Cayman . [33] Among the Mycenaean elite, deceased men were usually laid to rest in gold masks and funerary armor, and women in gold crowns and clothes gleaming with gold ornaments. Each Mycenaean kingdom was governed from the palace, which exercised control over most, if not all, industries within its realm. [107] This appears to have facilitated the speedy deployment of troopsfor example, the remnants of a Mycenaean road, along with what appears to have been a Mycenaean defensive wall on the Isthmus of Corinth. [170] Besides the citadels, isolated forts were also erected on various strategic locations. [2] Another theory proposes that Mycenaean culture in Greece dates back to circa 3000 BC with Indo-European migrants entering a mainly-depopulated area; other hypotheses argue for a date as early as the seventh millennium BC (with the spread of agriculture) and as late as 1600 BC (with the spread of chariot technology). [110], Based on archaeological findings in the Middle East, in particular physical artifacts, textual references, inscriptions and wall paintings, it appears that Mycenaean Greeks achieved strong commercial and cultural interaction with most of the Bronze Age people living in this region: Canaanites, Kassites, Mitanni, Assyrians, and Egyptians. Many centres also had specific sanctuary sites for worship, usually close to the palace complex. [188], Several important pieces in gold and other metals come from the Gold grave goods at Grave Circles A and B at Mycenae, including the Mask of Agamemnon, Silver Siege Rhyton, Bulls-head rhyton, and gold Nestor's Cup. Other important wealthy people lived just outside of the palace. ", "The Levites,*ra-wo,/A new proposal for lexical and historical relationship", "A comparative cephalometric investigation of the Greek craniofacial pattern through 4,000 years", 10.1043/0003-3219(1989)059<0195:ACCIOT>2.0.CO;2, "Craniofacial morphology in ancient and modern Greeks through 4,000 years", "Ancient DNA analysis reveals Minoan and Mycenaean origins", "The Greeks really do have near-mythical origins, ancient DNA reveals", "More than Myth: Ancient DNA Reveals Roots of 1st Greek Civilizations", "Lecture by Prof. David Reich - "The Genetic History of the Southern Arc: A Bridge between West Asia & Europe", "Redefining Indo European Origins? Arts And Humanities Through The Eras: Ancient Greece And Rome (1200 B.c Mycenaean Civilization - World History Encyclopedia [20], Egyptian records mention a T(D)-n-j or Danaya (Tanaju) land for the first time c. 1437 BC, during the reign of Pharaoh Thutmoses III (r. 14791425 BC). We can safely conclude that all people in the world are descended from the inhabitants of Babel, the first civilization after Noah's flood. [86], Mycenaean palatial states, or centrally organized palace-operating polities, are recorded in ancient Greek literature and mythology (e.g., Iliad, Catalogue of Ships) and confirmed by discoveries made by modern archaeologists such as Heinrich Schliemann. [226], There are scholars who identify the Sea Peoples who migrated to the Near East as Mycenaean Greeks. It shared many cultural features with the Minoans. Furthermore, proposed migrations by Egyptian or Phoenician colonists was not discernible in their data, thus "rejecting the hypothesis that the cultures of the Aegean were seeded by migrants from the old civilizations of these regions." [177] Later in the 13th century BC, Mycenaean warfare underwent major changes both in tactics and weaponry and armed units became more uniform and flexible, while weapons became smaller and lighter. This new style would become the dominant one throughout the Mediterranean. Underline only the nouns or pronouns that make up each compound direct Occupying a lower rung of the social ladder were the slaves, do-e-ro, (cf. Mycenaean is the term applied to the art and culture of Greece from ca. [1] The transition period from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age in Greece is known as Sub-Mycenaean (c. 10501000 BC). [90] Alternatively, based on archaeological data, some sort of confederation among a number of palatial states appears to be possible. The reasons for the demise of the Mycenaean civilization, which occurred in stages from c. 1230 BCE to c. 1100 BCE, are much debated. [94] Under him was the lwgetas ("the leader of the people"), whose role appears mainly religious. Sinclair Hood believed that at the time of the Vaphio burial (c. 15001450) "it was broadly speaking possible to classify the finer seals as being of Cretan, the more crudely engraved of mainland manufacture", but that "this criterion no longer applies after the mainland conquest of Crete c. The kingdom was surrounded by stone walls to . What group of people came to Greece from central Asia? 1600 to 1100 B.C. Attarsiya attacked Hittite vassals in western Anatolia including Madduwatta. However, the cultic center of Mycenae seems to have been a later (13th century BC) development. It is clear that burial was an important ritual as evidenced by the presence of monumental tholos tombs, prominent gravesites and the quantity of precious objects which were buried with the dead - golden masks, diadems, jewellery, and ceremonial swords and daggers. [71] Mycenaean Greece continues to be mentioned in international affairs, particularly in Hittite records. [60] Meanwhile, Ahhiyawa appears to be in control of a number of islands in the Aegean, an impression also supported by archaeological evidence. Around what period of time did Cartesian Dualism become popular? [167] The term Cyclopean was derived by the latter Greeks of the Classical era who believed that only the mythical giants, the Cyclopes, could have constructed such megalithic structures. [73] In general, in the second half of 13th century BC, trade was in decline in the Eastern Mediterranean, most probably due to the unstable political environment there. Pottery shapes are much like the Minoan with the notable additions of the goblet and the alabastron (squat jar) with a definite preference for large jars. As such, Athena (A-ta-na) appears in an inscription at Knossos as mistress Athena, similar to a later Homeric expression, but in the Pylos tablets she is mentioned without any accompanying word. c. Central Asia. The Mycenaean period has not yielded sculpture of any great size. Artist's Impression of Mycenaean Warriors, Mediterranean Trade in the Late Bronze Age c. 1400-1200 BCE. [87] A number of palaces and fortifications appear to be part of a wider kingdom. [159], Additional common features are shared by the palaces of Pylos, Mycenae and Tiryns;[159] a large court with colonnades lies directly in front of the central megaron,[162] while a second, but smaller, megaron is also found inside these structures. This page was last edited on 27 April 2023, at 02:40. [217][218] Ventris's discovery of an archaic Greek dialect in the Linear B tablets demonstrated that Mycenaean Greek was "the oldest known Greek dialect, elements of which survived in Homer's language as a result of a long oral tradition of epic poetry. [200], The painting of the Mycenaean age was much influenced by that of Minoan painting, and was probably at least initially by Cretan painters. It is attested by the cemetery of Perati that lasted a century and showed imports from Cyclades, Dodecanese, Crete, Cyprus, Egypt and Syria, as well as by the Late Helladic IIIC (c.1210-1040 BC) cemetery of Drivlia at Porto Rafti; located 2km west of Perati.

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