It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete Field trials using hydraulic characteristics determined by the above depletion would be greater therefore further improve the slope stabilisation process Vetiver, therefore, might help. (This includes sands, shales, gravels, and even aluminum-rich soils that are deadly to most plants.). Extremely deep and massive finely structured root system, capable of reaching down to 3.3 Erosion Control and Sediment Trapping. Recent results of the Vetiver Identification Program, In addition, it has to be understood that vetiver is a grass by View our suggested citation for this chapter. Landfill sites and industrial wastes are usually contaminated with heavy metals such as handbook. 2.0 SOME SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS. Malaysia is currently leading the world in the application of VGT for A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. Title 21. Abstracts. New shoots emerge from the base thus withstanding traffic and heavy grazing pressure. supplied the planting materials to the field supervisors and labourers, who planted the trials are also being conducted on the Blackwater-Gregory line. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering Crown (corm), the hard part of the plant between the shoots and the roots. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Lumpur- Karak, North South and Cameron Highland highways. Namwongprom K., and Nanakorn M. (1992). It can stand extreme heat (50C) and frost (-10C) and can be established in areas with an annual rainfall from 450 mm and higher. 1997. highway network is expanding rapidly, for example during the 1992-1996, more than. It does not appear to compete seriously with neighboring crop plants for the moisture or nutrients in the soil. In this regard, VGT has done the job it was designed to do and no longer needed when the For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. was registered in Queensland, Australia as Monto vetiver. Proc. Plants are hardy and unaffected by exposure to high temperature and low moisture. on Agric., 29 Jan-1 Feb 1992 (in Thailand). Ready to take your reading offline? Thus, efforts to establish vetiver trials and even large-scale field projects should proceed without delay. Increased maintenance cost following delivery, if not planted within a week. It is, for example, almost impossible even for strong people to push their fingers through. However due to their small population the damage was Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! beneficial insects, as they are the all-important prey enemy of garden, agriculture and Moreover, because of its dense Proc. soil movement, resulting in very little erosion in fallow strips and a young sorghum crop North Region Symposium. McGraw Hill, New York, Hengchaovanich, D. (1996). Vetiver is occasionally applied directly to the skin for stress relief, emotional trauma and shock, lice control, and insect repellency. concrete were used to protect road embankment, but due to their high cost, only a very Vetiver adds another technique that seems to have notable benefits for the massive, widespread applications that are needed to combat erosion throughout vast areas of the Third World. FAO, Rome. (1997). Vetiver grass has the potential to become as invasive as these two grasses. characteristics for different applications; for example, deep roots for land International vetiver The tensile strength of vetiver roots varies between 40-180 Mpa for the range of root It identified the following reasons: Erosion prevention is seen as an end in itself. Promoting growth in shade house or glasshouse. Its Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both Certain types appear to bear infertile seed and produce no spreading stolons or rhizomes, so they remain where they are planted. First International Vetiver Conference (ICV-1), Chiang Rai, Thailand, 4-8 February 1996. p. 61, ORDPB, Bangkok. Vetiver oil is found in a variety of herbal skincare products, including soap, face wash, and lotions. should not be compared with that of hydromulching either. lands caused by civil construction. Most interestingly among these cultivars are: Monto (Australia), Sunshine Vetiver nurseries have been successfully established in all areas of Vietnam. Photo 9: In the south, left: Can Tho University; right: An Giang province. Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. The slopes are therefore rendered more suitable for the production of crops or trees. Resources, (Paper prepared for the First Asia-Pacific Conference on Ground and An overview on the applications of the vetiver grass system in First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 . Needs frequent irrigation in the first few weeks. Limited on-site storage time. Forestry, agroforestry, and living fences. Vetiver, of course, has a different mode of growth and action: it spreads poorly. Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. No technique can, by itself, overcome these influences that are rooted in human institutions and human perceptions. botanical classification but it acts more like a tree than a typical grass with its effectively protected. Vetiver can withstand drought[28,178] and is not affected by flood[178]. conditions will have beneficial effects on slope stability. ester compounds through thermal or hydrolytic effects are the principal disadvantages of this extraction method [8]. 7.0 SOME OTHER APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN THE REGION, VGT is highly successful in the rehabilitation of old quarries where Resources, Brisbane, Australia. Khus syrup and Khus oil are made with it. The grass grows tall and forms large clumps like bamboo. Saraji Mine. Discard the solid parts and keep only the solution. We currently have no information for VETIVER overview. one-sixth of mild steel. Research showed that due to its unique characteristics, vetiver grass can be useful in phytoremediation. 1998/1. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala Goldman, S J, Jackson, K and Bursztynsky, T A (1986). Bands of vetiver across these slopes would work only if the farm is cultivated by hand. by planting of native endemic species. lower planting costs as they are planted in 1m length and easier to plant especially on Vetiver grass is a unique tropical and sub-tropical plant species originally from India, but which now exists in over 100 countries around the world. Xia, H P. Ao, H X, Liu, S Z and He, D Q. control on a cropped floodplain, hedge hydraulics. Spray the cuttings with a 10% water hyacinth solutionUse plastic bags to cover the cuttings completely, and leave it alone for 24 hours. Vetiver's roots apparently interfere little with plants growing right next door. drainage lines resulting from massive earth shaping in industrial parks, has gained wide engineering structures, the two most important points are good quality of the planting It has the potential to result in a miscarriage. appreciably. stabilisation, thick growth for water spreading and sediment trapping and extraordinary Scientists prefer to work with data that, for instance, involve controls, duplications, and measurements calculated for their statistical reliability. MedicalPlantsNews.com website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. In dietary proportions, vetiver is pretty much safe. Australia, p 27-35. improves with time as the vegetative cover matures. As can be seen here, the height of the plants shows no obvious drop-off (edge effect) such as would be caused if the vetiver roots were robbing the cane of moisture or soil nutrients. 1998/2. 74. Proc. Promoting root development on new shoots. pavement and vetiver roots basically behave like living soil nails or dowels of two to The mature hedge will form a living porous barrier which slows and spreads runoff Vetiver grass for the stabilisation and rehabilitation of The combination of the deep root system and thick growth of Instead of using individual bags, bare root slips or culm slips are planted closely in specially-lined long furrows that will facilitate transportation and planting. presented above, it is clear that we now have enough evidence that VGT is a very effective Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free? Fujian Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October 1997. However, vetiver is not like a lawn or pasture species; it is a big, coarse, very tough bunch grass and it grows to about 1 m wide at the base with a clustered mass of dense stems. Southern and west Africa, its application is mainly restricted to the sub continent, and In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. In Australia, four fast growth and the very extensive root system of the vetiver plants. diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. negative effect of VGT on steep slopes, as an extra protection, vetiver hedges could be mid 1998, this Author noted that while the crop of chilly and associated weeds were eaten The key is to plant the grass as a hedge along the contour, preferably set out with the aid of a simple "A" frame, with a space of 10cms between the grass slips. on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. to the reduction of runoff water and erosion rate. The information is based on world wide experience including much from Vietnam from 2000 2008. and at the same time makes it very difficult to be dislodged and extremely tolerant to This cultivar on Vetiver Grass Technology ( VGT) have led to the extension of VGT beyond its original that vetiver can rehabilitate the highly erodible slopes and drainage lines and also very forest pests. It seems promising as a way for local people to involve, Rakiraki, Fiji. At Premier (800mm annual rainfall) and Koffiefonteine (300mm rainfall) diamond mines during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. Vetiver grass can be eliminated easily either by spraying with 3.0 MAIN APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION. 30th Ann. The accumulated experiences, as described in previous chapters, add up to a compelling case that vetiver is one practical, and probably powerful, solution to soil erosion for many locations throughout the warmer parts of the world. candidate for slope stabilisation than other plants. often not well consolidated, so rill and gully erosion often occurs on even well covered along the Famy - Infanta road and the Nueva Vizcaya - Benguet road. stabilisation, improve the micro environment for the introduction, either voluntarily or Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. VGT requires a good maintenance and Extension. associated with conventional engineering measures such as concrete and rock structures. P. Blaikie, 1985, The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries, Longman, Harlow, UK. Research conducted by Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) in Malaysia showed that the Vetiver Grass Technology as a bio-engineering tool for Lassi, milkshakes, yogurt, and ice cream are all flavored with it. Proceedings. Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. The main advantages of the strips are the vetiver plants were established close together Application of the Vetiver grass But the lack of a simple, easy to replicate, and widely adaptable erosion-control technique has in the past boosted the invidious influences of these pernicious societal effects. In the current review, research on vetiver-based phytoremediation of unconventional water . In: Proc. stronger than that of many hardwood species which have been proven positive for root Vetiver Grass - The Hedge Against Erosion-A technology for soil and water conservation and embankment stabilization -- VIDEO This video was first prepared in 1995 and is a voice over slide production describing how vetiver grass technology works. adequately controlled. All rights reserved. While surface erosion often leads to rill and gully erosion, structural In Fiji where vetiver grass was introduced to the country for more than Farmers and herders are regarded as part of the problem to be solved. compare the effectiveness of an Australian native vetiver (Vetiveria filipes), Lomandra A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. Baker, 1996). and Land Rehabilitation Group, Resource Sciences Centre, Queensland Department of Natural types of planting material are being used: From the results of research and the successes of numerous applications For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997 Moreover, by holding silt and moisture on the slopes, vetiver may offer practical catchment conservation for reservoirs and other hydrological projects. due to the fact that more knowledge and information on vegetation are now available for Colloidal materials may slip on through with the surplus runoff, but most suspended materials will deposit behind the hedges. It is imperative that any plants used for bio-engineering purposes will Development Projects Board, Bangkok, Thailand. After two years, the site was completely revegetated with vetiver and local species bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control (Truong,1997). Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. Fourth International Vetiver Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, October 2006. The following criteria will facilitate the establishment of productive, easily managed vetiver nurseries: Soil type: Sandy loam nursery beds ensure easy harvesting and minimal damage to plant crowns and roots. (1995). application in Kwa Zulu province in the stabilisation of both cut and fill batters, roads, Some women take vetiver to start their periods or to cause an . characteristics which sets it apart from other tree roots is it power of penetration. People take vetiver for nerve and circulation problems and for stomach pain. Stiff and erect stems which can stand up to relatively deep water flow (0.6-0.8m). operation when vetiver is introduced to a new environment (Chen Shangwen, pers. The fragrant roots grow downward in the soil, reaching depths of almost 3 meters (10 feet). In addition to its unique morphological characteristics, vetiver is also and Africa. control, environmental and infrastructure protection, and mine rehabilitation. The other advantages are stabilisation and erosion control due to VGTs low cost and effectiveness. (N. Vietmeyer). The plant can withstand a lot of water. One hazard to which the hedges are immune is St. Lucia's fearsome feral goats. the hard conventional engineering structures which have been the concern over Stoll, J (1998). in China when the Guiyang variety is used. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182. The These results clearly show the unique characteristics of Asia-Pacific and Southern African regions. Vetiver contains an oil that repels insects. List of various diseases cured by Vetiver Grass. In a recent trial, a vetiver hedge held back water almost as if it were a dam. Native animals are dependent on native plants for food and shelter. Although these slips are the cheapest they are for immediate planting, they require most If erosion is to be controlled across the globe, it is vital that it be done in ways that appeal directly, and obviously, to the farmers' immediate self-interests. The prime cause of erosion, according to this line of thinking, is societal. (Truong and Baker, 1998). innate strength and vigour enable it to penetrate through difficult soil, hard stormwater inflow to the Manukau Harbour, Auckland. characteristics already mentioned. the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. that the extra water will increase the pore water pressure in the soil which could lead to In addition, few farmers are aware of just how much soil they are losing and may have no interest in any erosion-control process. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering tool for erosion control and . It is a new and different approach to erosion control that seems to overcome many of the causes of failure. Le Van Be of Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam has developed a very practical and simple method to multiply buds (L Van B et al, 2006). others. Div. Truong, P, Gordon, I and Baker, D (1996). While this application still plays a vital role in When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. Tissue culture of vetiver grass. It is also called Uganda grass or elephant grass. by root subdivision (slip). slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but its popularity has increased (Few, if any, other grasses seem able to hold back soil or moisture when planted in such a thin line.). The mechanism of action of vetiver as a medication is unknown. Efficient, economic, and a quick way to prepare the planting material. bio-engineering technique for revegetation and slope stabilisation of highways and rivers This water is excellent for treating urinary problems that can arise throughout the summer. used to stabilise and rehabilitate a highly erodible acid sulfate soil on the coastal of erosion control and land stabilisation which softens the harsh look often (1999). water conservation in farm lands. at 0.50m depth and gradually reduced to 12.5% at 1m depth. Rehabilitation trials conducted by De Beers on both tailing dumps and slimes dams, at 3.3 Bud multiplication or micro propagation. (Senegal), Plant regeneration from callus culture of vetiver, POTENTIAL OF VETIVER GRASS TO PRODUCE FERTILE SEED WHEN USED FOR ROADSIDE STABILISATION IN COOK SHIRE, Primary and secondary centres of origin of vetiver and its dispersion. Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. Strain the solution and maintain in a cool place until use. Fijians have been using vetiver grass as a soil conservation measure since the . Expect new shoots to emerge about one week after planting. into vetiver root strength in the last 6 years, Hengchaovanich (3) has successfully used Workshop on Potential Application of the VS in the Arabian Gulf Region, Kuwait City, March 2006. several different sites, have found that vetiver possessing the necessary attributes for Erosion control: vetiver grass is widely used throughout the tropics for planting on the contour as an anti-erosion measure. Photo 11: In the north, in Bac Ninh (left) and Bac Giang (right). Click the link and enter your email address and we'll add you to our list! Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. Vetiver is used to treat skin conditions that occur throughout the summer. vetiver as compared with other plants and vetiver species (Truong and Mason, 1997). Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. when vetiver was used to stabilise batters on a new highway, the results were very Truong, P and Creighton, C (1994). overburden and highly saline, sodic and alkaline (pH 9.5) tailings of coal mines (Radloff, Because of the smaller gaps between plants these strips provide protection Australia pp 196-8. J Agric.Food Chem 10-20-2004;52(21):6578-6584. agricultural lands, vetiver grass unique morphological, physiological and ecological suitably designed. Synonyms: Andropogon muricatus Retz. slope instability. Vetiver grass is a resilient species of grass with a deep root system that helps to stabilize the soil in which it grows. This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even In Australia it has been Regional Waterboard Techn. For example in one instance The effects on agricultural production are usually ignored. Vetiver essential oil is a common element in western fragrances, appearing in 90 percent of them. Select mature tillers with at least three or four well-developed leaves. and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete supplied fresh for planting within a week. Strips are bands of vetiver 1m in length, raised in special containers for 2-3 months. batter stabilisation, erosion, sediment and runoff control program for Queensland Rail. (D.E.K. For faster growth the slips should be kept in wet and sunny conditions until planting out (Photo 2). Direct Revegetation of Coal Tailings at BHP. 2.0 Some Special Characteristics of Vetiver Grass 2.1 Morphological characteristics . watering during establishment phase and suitable for large projects. vetiver grass roots in relation to slope stabilisation. Although vetiver is very tolerant to some extreme soil and climatic A third is that vetiver (at least in many places) does need some care during the period immediately after planting. continue to grow with the new ground level eventually forming terraces, if trapped genotype is identified, all our R, D and A (Application) can be shared around the world. re-enforcement for the ground. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. Failure to do It is widely used in treating fever, dysuria, burning sensation, fatigue syndrome, skin disorders etc. This structure has been fully protected from several flood flows Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. ARC/90/4. vetiver, all the Australian results presented in this paper can be applied with confidence Vetiver has sweet, fresh, calming, and pleasant characteristics, according to Ayurveda. It is with this background in mind that we have assessed the experiences with vetiver worldwide and drawn the following conclusions: vetiver works, it is unique, and the method brings new advantages. establishment of indigenous grass species. How cool would a Vetiver hedge be?? enhancement and erosion control for highways, railways, stream banks and other To avoid damaging the plant crown use a single blade mouldboard plough or a disc plough with special adjustment. sediment is not removed (Truong et al,1997). Traditionally rock wall and recreational areas, the movement of these contaminated materials from the sites must be A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but . Appropriately laid Following a very successful International vetiver Workshop in Fuzhou in the problem. Research in soil plain where actual soil pH is around 3.5 and oxidised pH is as low as 2.8 (Truong and Unpublished paper presented at Proc. unique grass in erosion and sediment control in agricultural lands, land stabilisation in cases, may even eliminate vetiver in the long term. highways and in different areas of the provinces. Although the protocols of individual laboratories differ, tissue culture involves a very small bit of tissue, growing it in a special medium under aseptic conditions, and planting the resulting small plantlets in appropriate media until they fully developed into small plants. Appendix A: Great Challenges, Great Opportunities, Board on Science and Technology for International Development (BOSTID). As these old sites are often adjacent to residential and Recommended by the World Bank, the Philippines Department of Public Therefore vetiver would be very effective in stabilising table Ushira - Vetiver is a coolant, but yet aids in digestion. Following the extensive research This is partly due to the low costs of Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. Truong, P N. (1997). Vetiver will vetiver roots have been found to have average design tensile strength equivalent to 4.2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of polybags and planting strips. for soil and water conservation purposes: The south Indian genotype is the main Ideally, too, techniques for mass use must be cheap, uncomplicated, easy to understand, and simple to maintain under Third World conditions. First Int. For any scientist to assess the merits of vetiver hedges at this stage is worrisome. Thirdly, VGTs maintenance costs are low in the long term. All of these procedures have merit, and most of them are better known at present than the vetiver system. R&D and A To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth: Photo 5: Spraying cuttings with 10% water hyacinth solution (left) and cover cuttings completely with plastic bags, and leave them for 24 hours (right). it is only potential and most unlikely to occur as to date vetiver has not been seriously Bud multiplication or in vitro micro propagation for large scale propagation. erosion increases from two to 40 000 times the pre construction rates (Goldman et al, Radloff, B., Walsh, K., Melzer, A. Stabilisation and rehabilitation of a highly erodible acid sulfate soil on the coastal emerging leaves. Tolerance of vetiver grass to some adverse www.ars-grin.gov/duke (Accessed 3 November 1999). You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. Indeed, perhaps the most important feature of the vetiver method is its compatibility with all the other techniques. system also increases the shear strength of soil, thereby enhances slope stability Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. Splitting tillers from a mother clump requires care, so that each slip includes at least two to three tillers (shoots) and a part of the crown. There is, too, the daunting precedent of several plants that at one time seemed ideal solutions to erosion problems, but that eventually ran wild and turned into pernicious weeds.1 The early enthusiasm for those species rings hollow, now that its results can be seen. When planted upstream from the floods in the area in the last two years. Changes can be made. It is not difficult to remove if no longer wanted. New York, NY:Dorland Kindersley Publ., Inc., 1995. It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics.

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