I have completed my Masters - Management and I'm currently living in Indore. 19 June 2003, 12011/7/95-BCC dt. Mahajan - The Mahajan literally means "the great folk" are also known as Shah or Sahukar. The Kannuaja Kumhars are considered to be a decent caste in both Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. 10 September 93 and 12011/4/2002-BCC dt. Central India Castes Central List of ST for the State of Andhra Pradesh. 10 September 1993, 12011/44/96-BCC dt. UT of Chandigarh 3. The craft has evolved since history and is now available in different forms in various regions across India. 1 February 1997, Notification No. The Shettys then got into businesses, mostly in restaurants and bars and migrated to cities like Mumbai, Bangalore, etc., becoming owners of famous Udupi restaurants. 28yrs 5' 0" Hindu Kumhar Hindi. Preeti. By Rajkeshwar Prasad (Prajapati) From Kaimur(bhabua),Bihar Contact no. Text is . 27 October 1999, 12011/9/94-BCC dt. However, this has changed. He had accurate wooden models made by his well-known wood-carvers. 2770-BCW/MR-116/12 dated 29 August 2014 read with Corrigendum published in. For eg., a particular Bhootha that most Tulu speaking people believe in is a Dalit but is actually in the form of a pig. It is also cause of bloody quarrels in certain parts of the rural India. Select "Integrated Certificate" under the List of services. Punjab 13. The vessels are dried in the shade for about eight days, after which they are baked for two days, when they are ready for sale. Kumhar have historically been associated with art of pottery. Dommara. Chamars in Rajasthan can only be identified in the districts adjoining to the states of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. (excluding those in Sch. Plz tell me anybody .Kya Prajapati Apne surname me Verma laga Sakta h kya .That's a big issue for me . 6 [4. All Caste List in India 2023 | Central Caste List of SC, ST, OBC Enter the required details. [16][17], In the 1940s, the Indian National Congress promoted the Chamar politician Jagjivan Ram to counteract the influence of B.R. Kumhar caste is one of the many castes subcastes of India. This is why in some places in India the Kumhar use Pajapati / Prajapat as a surname according to the Indian caste system. A displayed zero can mean true zero, a very small rounded number or sometimes unknown. The Telugu Kummaras were cooks under the ancient kings, and many of them still work in that capacity in Sdra houses. 6 September 2001, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. And because of this, those political parties, who are divided into different types of castes in today's Muslim society living . All of them eat flesh." I am Poornima kulal from Mangalore..In Karnataka kumbars use the surnames kulal,moolya,kumbar( south Karnataka), I am senthil kumarKulalar ie potterPuducherryCell 9894149439, Belongs to M B C categoryBut Govt of india no MBC, SirCaste wise i have been tortured For 20 years in my officeGiving double workTeasingNon coperativeIll treatment etcI am working in govt bcause of my wife and only sonBesides i tendered resignstion from jobBut not caredStill in troublePl inform amy prajapati association. They have a glazed appearance, and are sometimes beautifully ornamented.". [8], Below is a list of Muslim communities that have been accorded Other Backward Classes status in Gujarat. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Traditionally, the Kumhars have been the followers of the Dharmic religions (especially Hinduism), but many of them adopted Islam after the Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent. Then, I would never ever have thought that this is a result of the caste system. Contact me 8708118004 or email me gk2458904@gmail.com, SirI'm Dev praPrajap from Jaunpur UP7607844846 My WhatsApp nuCan u give mi all information about Prajapati, Sir I'M Dev Prajapati from Jaunpur UP7607844846my WhatsApp numberCan u give me all information about Prajapati, What is the difference between Kumhar, prajapati, , Rajesh ji Pls.write your mob no. Andhra Pradesh (1950) Bavuri 1950 designated Andhra Pradesh (1950) Ad Dharmi: 1950 designated Himachal Pradesh (1950) Ad Dharmi 1950 designated . Kumhar means potter. 15 May 1995, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. Khatki or Kasai Chamadia Khatki Halari Khatki, Kasai, Kasab, Kassab Qussab, Qassab-Qurreshi, "National Commission for Backward Classes", "The Daily Fix: Supreme Court reminds India that the third word in OBC is 'class' not 'caste', "National Commission for Backward Classes: Andhra Pradesh", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Bihar", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Delhi", http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect//OBC_LIST.pdf?MOD, "National Commission for Backward Classes: Gujarat", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Haryana", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Himachal Pradesh", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Jammu and Kashmir", "Poor Muslims already enjoy quotas in K'taka, Kerala, Bihar", "Central OBC List ", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Punjab", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Rajasthan", "Social welfare Department, Government of Rajasthan", "National Commission for Backward Classes: Uttar Pradesh", "National Commission for Backward Classes: West Bengal", ":: BCW Department-Govt of West Bengal, OBC List::", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Muslim_Other_Backward_Classes_communities_in_India&oldid=1146257894, Articles with dead external links from March 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. kumhar caste in andhra pradeshcalifornia state of the state address 2022california state of the state address 2022 Mansoori is the preferred self-designation for the Dhunia community, largely Hindu community with a small Muslim minority, largely Muslim community with a small Hindu minority. Unlike the Tamil potters, the Kumbras do not wear the sacred thread. 9 March 1996, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. ", Concerning the Kumbras of South Canara, Mr. Stuart writes,*[5] that they "seem to be a branch of the Telugu and Canarese potter castes, but many of them have Tulu for their home speech, and follow the aliyasantna rule of inheritance (in the female line). India has thousands of castes and subcastes, they are in existence and practice since the Vedic times. The word "Kumhar" literally means "potter" in Indian languages, pottery being the traditional occupation of the Kumhars. Copyright 2023 | WordPress Theme by MH Themes. Perhaps, the reason why most designated upper castes do not worship this God is because it involves decapitating animals with our hands and most upper castes are vegetarians. They are mentioned as "a Mohammadan caste of cotton-cleaners, rope and tape makers" [Francis loc cit by Thruston: 1909]. Within the mala and madiga there are about 25 and 18 sub-caste groups respectively. caste (jati) endogamy and clan (bari in Tulu) exogamy is what we follow. [15] After the 1900s, there were mass conversions in the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh of the Chamar to Methodism, as well as other forms of Christianity. And yet, the two states are perhaps the only ones in the country running special . 1403-BCW/MR-436/99(I) dt. Caste) 6 *32: Kumhar, Prajapati 7 * . Chamars who have adopted the weaving profession and abandoned tanning and leathercraft, identify themselves as Julaha Chamar. 04-12-08 read with No. 5045-BCW/MR-436/99(I) dated 31 August 2010, Notification No. 13 January 2004, -do-12011/69/94- BCC(C) dt.14 September 1989, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. 18 August 2010, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) t. 10 September 1993, 12011/68/98-BCC t. 27 October 1999 and 12015/2/2007-BCC dt. 6 December 1999 and 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Castes_and_Tribes_of_Southern_India/Kummara,_Kumbra,_Kumbro&oldid=11489954. are the potters of the country, and were probably at one time a single caste, but are now divided into Telugus, Northern Tamilians and Southern Tamilians, who have similar customs, but will not intermarry or eat together. [4], Among the Kumhars are groups such as the Gujrati Kumhar, Kurali ke Kumhar, Lad, Haral and Telangi. Great, this is good we all r gathering through this, now we need, someone pls make software or aap for prajapati so that we all can be connected and to know our sub caste for knowledge and for marriage purposes, Hi gys Am from Punjab, we have so many sub caste in prajapati like: lamba Or lambe (dirrent from khattri) ,pansotra, taak,salhotra,dalhotra, balhotra, kunj, dubb,and so many. Hi l m Poonam prajapati from MaharashtraI want to know that how many prajapati's in india, Email me gk2458904@gmail.com or 8708118004. The "pinching of breast" by the upper caste landlords and the undignified teasings were also common form of oppression. Hyderabad: In a major decision, the Andhra Pradesh government on Friday decided to include Kapus, a powerful community hitherto considered upper caste, into the Other Backward Classes (OBCs . Pottery is their conventional occupation. Populations are scaled to the current year. 1. What is Kumhar and What is Prajapati? - Blogger 10 September 1993, 12011/96/94-BCC dt. The Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal classifies the Chamar as a subgroup within the broader social group of Madheshi Dalits. Leather-bottle makers (Presumably members of the 'Chamaar' caste), Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, "Caste-igated: How Indians use casteist slurs to dehumanise each other", "Twitter Calls out Netflix's 'Jamtara' for Using Casteist Slur", "Calling an SC 'chamar' offensive, punishable, says apex court", https://archive.org/details/clippingsmimeogr00uns_cc6/page/n87/mode/1up#, "RJD man Raghuvansh calls for reviving Chamar Regiment", "Uttar Pradesh data highlights: the Scheduled Castes, Census of India 2001", "Uttar Pradesh data highlights: the Scheduled Castes", "West Bengal DATA HIGHLIGHTS: THE SCHEDULED CASTES Census of India 2001", "State and district-wise Scheduled Castes population for each caste separately, 2011 - GUJARAT", "Internal Caste Cleavages among Dalits in Punjab", "A-10 Individual Scheduled Caste Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix - Uttar Pradesh", 2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report, "Indian society and the soldier: will the twain ever meet? Mostly in South India where I come from, we are further divided into two groups clean caste and unclean caste. . [5][6] It has been described as a casteist slur by the Supreme Court of India and the use of the term to address a person as a violation of the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. 8 December 2011, 12011/7/95-BCC dt. Contacts to my cell number, Give me your phone number I can solve the problems or email me gk2458904@gmail.com. Life of Clay at Kumhar Gram - Anand Foundation Castes and Tribes of Southern India/Kummara, Kumbra, Kumbro. Bhind and Chhatarpur districts. The oppression however was not fully stopped as the friction between upper-caste landlords and the tillers continued. She blesses barren women with children, and favours her devotees with big catches when they go out fishing. If they do go, they sprinkle holy water or Tirtha on themselves and do a pooja. Thus, I would like to say that examining my caste and its associated history was quite an eye-opening experience for me. There are reports which indicates that the upper-caste landlords often took the help of Police in order to beat the women of Chamar caste and draw them out of their villages on the question of parity in wages. 1. Further, in terms of cultural groups, the potters are classified as Hindus and Muslims. 9 March 1996 and 12011/04/2001-BCC dt. Kumhar or Kumbhar (Punjabi: , Urdu: ,Hindi: ); also known as Prajapati, is a caste or community of India, mainly belonging to the Hindu religion. 10 September 1993, 12011/68/98-BCC dt. my ancestors were potters. Community: Kumhar (Prajapati) caste Size of family: 6 - 10 Style of pottery work: Earthenware - Traditional . Hello, here are a few lines to help you know me better. Andhra Pradesh, Telangana. In the latest cabinet decision, out of the total number of 17 castes, 13 will be included in Group A of the OBC list and four more in Group D category so that people belonging to these castes . Muslim OBC Caste List In India - Minority OBC Cast List 2023 List of Telugu castes - Wikipedia Free Remote Freelancing Jobs. The northern and southern potters differ in that the former use a wheel of earthenware, and the latter one made of wood. I am prajapati. The Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal classifies the Kumhar as a subgroup within the broader social group of Madheshi Other Caste. A day after the silent, holy night of Christmas, the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh resembled a battlefield. The Kumhar's livelihood is agriculture, animal husbandry and making earthen pots. [15], Below is a list of Muslim communities granted OBC status in the Government of India in the state of Punjab. 19 October 1994 and 12011/68/98-BCC dt. Name Email Website. Although it is Brahmins who wear the Janeu, I personally feel these relatives of mine do so as a means of Sanskritisation or as I like to call it self proclaimed Brahmins. [9], Between the 1830s and the 1950s, the Chamars in the United Provinces, especially in the Kanpur area, became prosperous as a result of their involvement in the British leather trade. Even if they dont do it, they are economically poor and havent fared much in terms of societal upliftment. Kumhar is a caste or community in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Andhra Pradesh and Punjab. How a migrated (from up to tamilnadu /AP) person can get obc certificate in tamilnadu / Andhra pradesh. Hi All,I am from Andhra Pradesh and we are known here as Kummara or Kummari bot in andhra and telangana. This, I would say is because upper castes, i.e. The Kumbros are purely Vaishnavites and employ Boishnob priests, while the Kummaras and Kumbras call in Brhmans. 8 March 1996, Notification No. Kummara, Kumbra, Kumbro. She loves animals, reading and art. More Thakur castes are numerically the second larger castes than sixty members of this village are engaged in respectively 68, 52 and 45 members. [24][25] They are found in Uttar Pradesh,[26] and elsewhere. The Magahiya Kumhars are treated little inferior to the Kanaujias and the Turkaha (Gadhere). The Pasis worked as lathail or stick wielders for the "Upper Caste" landlords and the later had compelled them in past to beat Chamars many a times. In India it is most numerous in: Telangana, where 63 percent are found, Andhra Pradesh, where 34 percent are found and Maharashtra, where 2 percent are found. When we talk about State-based matrimony pages, there are Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Gujarat, Kerala, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand, Bihar, and other states. Dudekula Muslims of Andhra Pradesh - JSTOR 15 May 1995 and 12011/36/99-BCC dt. In fact, it is my generation that has the first doctor, engineer, etc., in my family. On our matrimonial platform, you will be able to find your life partner from any state and any leading city in India. 16 January 2006, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. 27 October 1999 and 12011/88/98-BCC dt. Indian caste system is still the best solution for the problem of division of labor, the only change that is needed as per changed times is that rather than having a vertical hierarchical system with Brahmins on top and Shudras at bottom, it would be good to have a horizontal socialist system with Brahmins, Khastriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras all at same level. They are commonly found in the Indian states of Andhra pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and southern parts . Nonetheless, the Dalits ate that food and people from my caste gave it to them because they thought they were doing something nice. kapunadu started this petition to Hon'ble Chief Minister Of Andhra Pradesh and. Andhra Pradesh is 25% Christian now, thanks to late YSR Reddy - HinduPost Populated regions include the Punjab region of India and Pakistan, as well as Uttar Pradesh in India, among other parts of the Indian subcontinent such as southern India. Karana is a caste found predominantly in Odisha , Bengal, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Tribal divisions still exists among Muslims. [11] They belong to other backward classes. 27 October 1999 and 12011/44/99-BCC dt. This caste also includes dyers known as Nlagara (nl, indigo). If you want to support the work that goes behind publishing high-quality feminist media content, please consider becoming a FII member. Karnataka 8. Meanwhile, the chief of the BJP's Telangana unit is a Reddy and the one in Seemandhra is a Kamma. Widow Potters in this region are called Moolye, Odari, Kumbaara or kumbar, kusave (ku+sa+ve = one who works with mud and water) and Handa. 27 October 1999 and 12011/36/99-BCC dt. They insulted our caste whilst we were there and denied the proposal. He also gave the potters models of fancy flower-pots for in-door use. In Punjab, they are mainly found in Ludhiana, Patiala, Amritsar and Jalandhar cities. 19 October 1994 12011/36/99-BCC dt. Distribution in India Chamba (Himanchal) Maharashtra (Marathe) Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Odisha and Bengal Uttar Pradesh and Bihar Gujarat; See also; References; Kumhar Caste in India and Pakistan / From Wikipedia, the . 19 June 2003). [31] In 2011, several politicians demanded that it be revived. They are majorly the followers of Hindu religion and are known to be the descendants of Prajapati, the Brahma God of Hindus. The rituals for worshipping them are similar for most oppressed castes in our area in Karnataka. Values for %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical (which determine unreached status) are often informed estimates, some more accurate than others. [4], Below is a list of Muslim communities that have been accorded Other Backward Classes status by the Government of India in the state of Bihar. Arunachal Pradesh Caste List PDF Download 2022 ST SC & All Caste List. Kumhar Caste Definition - Caste - DesiGoogly What is a powerful caste in AP? - Quora kumhar caste in andhra pradesh - Evangelicals have a significant presence. They are given a portion of the crops at harvest time. Along with pottery, we also were involved in farming, however, we did not own land. 19 June 2003, 12011/7/95-BCC dt. Deva's people,animals. [13] The association discriminated against lower-status Chamars, such as the "Guliyas", who did not claim Kshatriya status. *[3] Some of the water-bottles are double, the outer shell being pierced so as to allow air to circulate around the inner." Kulala is also an umbrella term used to refer to us. [11], This is a list of Muslim communities that have been granted Other Backward Classes status by the Government of India in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India. [3] Ramnarayan Rawat posits that the association of the Chamar community with a traditional occupation of tanning was constructed, and that the Chamars were instead historically agriculturists. ", "I will be the best PM and Mayawati is my chosen heir", "SC Commission Asks Defence Secretary Why 'Chamar Regiment' Shouldn't be reinstated", "A Bibliographic Essay on Hindu and Christian Dalit Religiosity", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chamar&oldid=1151434850, Scheduled Castes of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from April 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. They are very honest people and make their livelihood by hard work. All castes sub castes are primarily divided into 4 categories:1.Brahmins The learned or priestly class2.Khastriyas The warrior class or those with governing functions3.Vaishyas The trader, agriculturalists or cattle rearers class4.Shudra The class that serves other three categories. Many criticize the Indian caste system because of bad material condition of lower castes but if they observe in an unbiased way they would find that there are many in upper castes with bad material conditions. They are highly spiritual, honest, and hard working. Little, if any, history of Christianity. 24 May 1995 and 12011/04/2002-BCC dt. We still practise caste endogamy and clan exogamy, a very important feature of the caste system in India. state andhra pradesh code caste 1 sattibaluja 2 chaudhari 3 kappu 4 brahmin/pandit/purohit 5 narayan 6 prasad 7 sweeper 8 dhobi/washer-man 9 mochi/cobbler 10 khammo 11 christian For this auspicious time he waited long, and at its approach started for the house of his selected bride, but floods detained him, and, when he should have been with her, he was stopping in a potter's house. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. Veyyi Kannalu Ammavaru, or the goddess of a thousand eyes, represented by a pot pierced with many holes, in which a gingelly (Sesamum) oil light is burnt. "The potters of the Madras Presidency," Mr. H. A. Stuart writes,*[1] "outside the Tamil country and Malabar, are called Kummara in Telugu, Kumbro in Uriya, and Kumbra in Canarese, all these names being corrupted forms of the Sanskrit word Kumbhakra, pot-maker (ku, earth). Garadi Muslim, Garadi Saibulu, Pamulavallu, Kani-kattuvallu, Garadollu, Garadiga, 7. There are 35 castes in ST Caste List Andhra Pradesh / Andhra Pradesh tribes list. Their ordinary title is Handa, which is also sometimes used as the name of the caste. 28 BCW (M1) Dept., dated 2 1995. My ancestors, including my grandparents, wouldnt enter houses of Shudras, whose sub-caste was lower than ours Poojaris, and would practise untouchability with Dalits and Adivasis in our village like Koragers. Best Matrimony Website & App in India - AI Matchmaking & Matrimonial Leave a Comment Cancel reply. 19 October 1994 12015/15/2008- BCC dt. Most of the Dhusia in Punjab and Haryana migrated from Pakistan after partition of India. 10 September 1993 and 12011/36/99-BCC dt. For eg., manual scavenging and other cleaning activities are mostly done by Dalits and Adivasis. NCT of Delhi 4. 4 April 2000 12015/9/2000-BCC dt. Any reference in this Order to a State or to a district or other territorial division thereof shall be construed as a reference to the State, district or other territorial division as constituted on the 1st day of May, 1976.] Marriage Biodata Format - Check different biodata format for marriage for girls & boys. Andhra Pradesh - People | Britannica "The soft pottery," Surgeon-General G.Bidie writes, "receives a pretty green glaze, and is made into vases and other receptacles, some of which are imitations of Delft ware and other European manufactures of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries; patterns having been introduced by Collectors. However, we were allowed in temples, only for the ritual of offering Naivedyam. In addition to this, we practised untouchability with the Dalits and Adivasis. They constitute about 5% of the population of Andhra Pradesh which would make them the fifth largest community 1. Shetty, Rai, Hegde, etc. They speak the languages of the areas where they live. 6 September 2001, 12011/36/99-BCC dt. In Odisha they are two types (Odia Kumbhar and Jhadua Kumbhar) who provide vessels for the rice distribution to Jagannath temple. 1. [21], Below is a list of Muslim communities that have been accorded OBC status by the state government of West Bengal.[22]. 10 September 1993 12011/21/1995-BCC dt. Kumhar have historically been associated with art of pottery. I still see them and their conditions in my village in Uppinangady, Mangalore, where they still do their traditional caste assigned jobs. The wages were menial and the economic status of my caste wasnt that good. All the food had already been touched and eaten halfway, it was all mixed together and they even added rice water to it. I learned how caste has affected me and my familys life in so many ways without us even realising it. ", At the village of Karigeri in the North Arcot district, there is carried on by some of the local potters an interesting industry in the manufacture of ornamental pottery, for which a medal was awarded at the Delhi Darbar Exhibition. 10 September 1993, 12011/21/95-BCC dt. I am dharmaraj dhital and my gotra is kashyap AND the | Kumhar Gotra List doesn't show my caste as a part of gotra BUT instead shows kashyap in it.It is confusing because the naga was written by the chakra mastery and dialogue between yajnavalkya and gargi is Brihadaranyaka Upanishad and the last one who knew the meaning was yajnavalkya himself , he is known credited by Witzel for coining the term Advaita (non-duality of Atman and Brahman) . [9] They are belongs to Other Backward Classes in the state of Odisha.[10]. FS73101045. 15 May 1995, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dated 10 September 1993, 12015/36/1999-BCC dt. They abstain from eating meat. District officers have been ordered to issue Caste Certificate to the families of those belonging to these 17 castes. List of Muslim Other Backward Classes communities in India On-the-ground reality may vary from what is presented here. Andhra Pradesh to include Kapu community in OBC list with 5% quota 19 October 1994, 12011/68/98-BCC dt. [2] Dravidian languages conform to the same meaning of the term Kumbhakar. It had an aim of preserving and promoting the art and craft of the people of Gangtok. Muslim Maniyar, Manyar, Bangdiwala, Caste No. They also do not consume meat and eggs and eat only vegetarian or shuddh (pure) food. Below is a list of Muslim communities that have been accorded Other Backward Classes status by the Government of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and Karnataka state government. 4 April 2000, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. 15 May 1995 and 12011/36/99-BCC dt. Hence they are locally called the Dudekula, the cotton cleaners and mattress makers. Andhra Pradesh Kummara Yuvasena Leaders Profiles || Kummari Caste History || BCTimes Looking for Kumbhar Brides? After Indira Gandhi introduced new agricultural laws in the 1950s through the amendment in the section 77A in the grant of land of tenants, the lands were given back to the farmers who worked on them and that in a way helped the upliftment of the marginalised castes. 27 October 1999 and 12011/36/99-BCC dt. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. The total Christian population was around 1.35% and had actually decreased continuously since census of 1971 in percentage terms as well as in absolute . 10 September 1993 and 12011/21/1995-BCC dt. Their language is Marathi. In general, the state's various communities are identified more readily by a combination of language, religion, and social class or caste than they are by specific ethnic affiliation. According to Raghuvanshi's narrative, the god Vishnu once appeared in form of a Shudra before the community's ancient king Chamunda Rai. 15 May 1995 and 12011/88/98, 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt. Bhataraju (Brahma kshatriya) Budabukkala. This is a full list of Muslim communities in India (OBCs) that are recognised in India's Constitution as Other Backward Class,[1] a term used to classify socially and educationally disadvantaged classes.

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