The Small Sagittarius Star Cloud (Messier 24) is, as the name says, a star cloud in the constellation Sagittarius. Observations in 2009 revealed that the cluster contains at least two generations of stars, one with an estimated age of 12 billion years and another about 4.5 billion years old. It is a hydrogen fusing dwarf star that belongs to the spectral type B2.5 V. It has an apparent magnitude of 2.1. While the star is far enough for the supernova itself to be harmless, a long duration gamma-ray burst (LGRB) pointed in our direction could certainly do serious damage to our ozone layer. Sagittarius A is a radio source located at the centre of the Milky Way, in the direction of the Sagittarius constellation. It lies at a distance of only 1,000 light years and has a radius of more than 9 light years, occupying more than 60 arc minutes of the apparent sky. Sagittarius is an astrological sign transitted by the Sun from approximately November 23rd to December 22nd. NGC 6818 is a magnitude 10 planetary nebula in Sagittarius. Astronomers have nicknamed it the Garden-sprinkler Nebula due to its appearance. Chiron was an intelligent, wise, and good-natured creatureunlike most of his kind. It's easy to see why the myths behind Centaurus and Sagittarius often get confused. The cluster contains some of the brightest, most massive stars in our galaxy. Alnasl comes from the Arabic al-nal which means arrowhead, and Nushaba is derived from Zujj al-Nashshaba, which means the same thing. Beta-2 Sagittarii, or Arkab Posterior (because it trails after Beta-1), is a giant star belonging to the spectral type F2III. NGC 6638 is a class VI globular cluster occupying an area of 2 arc minutes about half a degree to the east of Lambda Sagittarii. Sagittarius is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Southern celestial hemisphere. In English, the constellation is known as the Archer. At the bottom centre is a rather unremarkable smudge of red which is in fact a rare and valuable object. Image: ESA/Hubble & NASA. The myth behind Sagittarius actually refers to Crotus, a satyr that lived on Mount Helicon with the Muses. It contains very few variable stars. The field of view is 35 x 34 arcmin. The small cluster is only 1 arc minute in diameter. Sagittarius A consists of the supernova remnant Sagittarius A East, the spiral structure Sagittarius A West, and a bright radio source located at the centre of the spiral, Sagittarius A*. NGC 6540 is a globular cluster with an apparent magnitude of 9.30, located at a distance of 17,300 light years from Earth. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.0 and is approximately 4,100 light years distant. It has an apparent size of 5.2 by 5.2. The region has relatively low amounts of dust and allows a view of the Galactic centre. Most likely it comes from different cultural interpretations of the constellations. It is 8.3 by 8.3 in diameter. This cosmic pair is set against millions of glowing stars from the brightest part of the Milky Way a region so dense with stars that barely any dark sky is seen across the picture.This part of the constellation of Sagittarius (The Archer) is one of the richest star fields in the whole sky the Large Sagittarius Star Cloud. The name is derived from the Arabic word rukbah, which means knee.. Named after the nebula that surrounds it the Peony Nebula the Peony Star is a Wolf-Rayet star with an absolute magnitude of -11.5. Beta-1 Sagittarii, or Arkab Prior (prior because it leads Beta-2 across the sky), is a double star approximately 378 light years distant. The brightest stars in the cluster are 16th magnitude. It has an apparent magnitude of 9.28. The cluster was discovered by William Herschel on August 7, 1784. The brighter two components the Wolf-Rayet star and the class B companion are massive enough to be supernova candidates, with masses 10 and 20 times that of the Sun. It is approximately 29,700 light years distant from Earth. Located 25,000 light years from Earth, the cluster lies only about 100 light years from the Galactic centre. Quarters are always tight in globular clusters, where the mutual hold of gravity binds together hundreds of thousands of stars in a small region of space. NGC 6528 is another globular cluster, located just to the southwest of NGC 6522. It is one of the most metal-poor galaxies known. All Rights Reserved. It has a mass three million times that of the Sun. The cluster has an apparent magnitude of 9.5. Messier 23 is an open star cluster, discovered by Charles Messier in June 1764. Westerhout 31 (W31) is a massive H II region in Sagittarius. NGC 6624, based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, and obtained from the Hubble Legacy Archive, which is a collaboration between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI/NASA), the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF/ESA) and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC/NRC/CSA). Messier included the cluster in his catalogue in June 1764. Gamma Sagittarii is a K type (K0III) giant star with an apparent magnitude of 2.98. The brightest stars in the cluster shine at magnitude 15. The nebula lies at a distance of 7,800 light years from Earth and has a 16th magnitude central star. In these clusters, even more stars squeeze into the objects core than on average, such that the brightness of the cluster increases steadily towards its centre. Successive generations of stars have built up the metallic abundances we see today. A transiting planet was spotted orbiting the magnitude 16 eclipsing variable star OGLE-TR-10 (G2V) in 2002. It is a dramatic and short-lived series of events, and Sakurais Object has allowed astronomers a very rare opportunity to study the events in real time. It belongs to the spectral type B9V. First discovered by amateur Japanese astronomer, Yukio Sakurai, in 1996, and noted as a nova-like object, Sakurais discovery turned out to be far more interesting than the supernova he initially supposed it to be. Sagittarius is the ninth astrological sign of the zodiac. At the time, Sag DEG was the nearest known neighbouring galaxy of the Milky Way. This was the largest event of its kind seen in the Milky Way since 1604, when the type Ia supernova SN 1604 (Keplers Nova) was observed by the German astronomer Johannes Kepler in the direction of Ophiuchus constellation. Sagittarius, the centaur, is the ninth sign in the Zodiac and represents those born between Nov. 22 and Dec. 21. Edward Emerson Barnard catalogued it as IC 4690 in August 1905. Sagittarius constellation has its roots in Sumerian mythology. Sagittarius was characterized in mythology as being unrestrained as wild or untamed horses despite their human head, arms, and torso. It was discovered by William Herschel on June 24, 1784. Others suggest that clusters like Terzan 7 only have enough material to form one batch of stars, or that perhaps its youthfulness has prevented it from yet forming another generation. In Greek mythology, Sagittarius represents a centaur, a half human, half horse creature with the torso of a man and the body and four legs of a horse. Messier 18 is an open star cluster in Sagittarius. Peony Star, or WR 102ka, is one of the most luminous stars known in our galaxy. (Flare stars are typically dim red dwarfs or less massive brown dwarfs.). Never observed anywhere in the bulge before, this peculiar cocktail of stars suggests that Terzan 5 is in fact one of the bulges primordial building blocks, most likely the relic of a dwarf galaxy that merged with the Milky Way during its very early days. The first magnetar to be identified, in 2013, was SGR J17452900 or PSR J1745-2900, the soft gamma repeater orbiting a black hole in Sagittarius A*. Its estimated age is between 3 and 4.5 million years. Messier 28 is a globular cluster located near Lambda Sagittarii (Kaus Borealis). The nebula was discovered by Edward Charles Pickering on July 15, 1882. Since the rotational axis of the system points roughly in the direction of our planet, and fast-spinning Wolf-Rayet stars are believed to produce gamma-ray bursts along their rotational axes when they meet their end, there has been a lot of debate about whether Earth will be affected by the supernova. Its inner elongated shape is believed to be the result of a fast wind of material travelling away from the hot 15th magnitude central star. Image: ESO, 2013. The cluster is located at a distance of 75,700 light years from Earth. It is a known X-ray source. M75 is believed to be around 13 billion years old and sits approximately 67,500 light-years away from Earth. The planetary nebula Henize 3-1475, also catalogued as IRAS 17423-1755, lies at an approximate distance of 18,000 light years from Earth. Around the year 6300, the system will have moved from Sagittarius to the Corona Australis constellation. It has a half-mass diameter of 102 and linear radius of 2.7 light years. The myth of centaurs: summary. PSR J1748-2446ad was discovered on 10 November, 2004. A gas giant planet was discovered orbiting the orange dwarf HD 164604 (K3.5Vk) in 2010. Lambda Sagittarii marks the handle of the Teapot asterism (see below) and points to the famous interstellar cloud, the Lagoon Nebula. Evidence shows that Terzan 7 used to belong to a small galaxy called the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy, a mini-galaxy discovered in 1994. It is good to remember the reason why Sagittarius is a centaur in the first place. But why were they immortalized in the stars? The Trifid Nebula is about 28 arcminutes across in size. Peering through the thick dust clouds of our galaxys central parts (the bulge) with an amazing amount of detail, a team of astronomers has revealed an unusual mix of stars in the stellar grouping known as Terzan 5. The central region of the Trifid Nebula (M20). It has an apparent magnitude that varies from 6.5 to 14.0 over a pulsational period of 732 days. Set against a backdrop of bright stars, the rust-colored object lies in the constellation of Sagittarius (The Archer), in the southern sky. NGC 6569 is another globular cluster visible in the vicinity of Gamma-2 Sagittarii, about 2 degrees south of the star. Image: U Harvard. It lies at an approximate distance of 50,000 light years from Earth. SGR 1806-20 was identified as a soft gamma repeater in 1979. About a fifth of the more than 150 globular clusters in the Milky Way have undergone a core collapse. 59 Sagittarii (sometimes also known as b Sagittarii) is a K-type bright giant at the southeast corner, about 1,200 light years distant. Delta Sagittarii has a radius 62 times solar, a mass about five times solar, and is 1180 times more luminous than the Sun. Pistol Star and Nebula (false colour composite image), photo: Don F. Figer (UCLA) and NASA. Return from Sagittarius Myth to the Constellation Myths page. What is the flower of Sagittarius? Zeta Sagittarii is another binary star in Sagittarius.
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