7_ Horizontal Directional Drilling Plastic Pipe (HDPE & MDPE) Home; HDD (Polyethylene Pipe) - Input; Please [ Log . To improve your experience, other cookies may be used: you can choose to disable them. select the wall type based on those results and other factors. Those directly related to the setup and operation of the maxi-HDD equipment (machine and hydraulic operations, as well as the drilling fluid under high pressure). Drilling uids are designed to match the soil and cutter. 0000021613 00000 n selecting the most appropriate wall thickness of HDPE conduit to be used for a specific application. q$mO9-Dbqbv(ln!1*YDt=.7 12), Last edited on 12 December 2022, at 19:58, "Fant ny lsning som gir gravefri tilkobling av hus til hovedvannledning", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Directional_boring&oldid=1127080039, Walk-over locating system A sonde, or transmitter, behind the bore head registers angle, rotation, direction, and temperature data. as referenced in the 2022 edition of ASTM F1962. When drilling through harder ground formations and in rock a mud motor is used to drive the drilling bit independently of drill rod rotation. ;0CKh6sKjrmlq9vwiJ%)m5]UWd Horizontal drilling, one type of directional drilling, is a method that is used to install pipes, conduits and cables underground in a long shallow arc. Tooling intended to navigate rock, or tougher formations, may use tungsten carbide alloys or polycrystalline diamond (PCD). 0000010676 00000 n The pipe must be securely gripped, including a swivel and possible breakaway link. Polyethylene pipe is the pipe of choice for trenchless installations using directional drilling. Residential neighbourhoods remain unscathed, commercial districts do not have to deal with loss of business, and rural regions remain undisturbed. As the hole is bored, a steel drill string is extended behind a cutting head. During pull-in of the pipe a load link should be inserted between the swivel and the pipe to show and record the axial load applied. Drill bit location for smaller and shallow installations is typically transmitted by a battery powered sonde, located just behind the bit, the signals being picked up by a receiver operated at the surface. [1], Although often used interchangeably, the terms directional boring and horizontal directional drilling are distinct in that they convey a different sense of scale. All material subject to strictly enforced copyright laws. For standardization of the techniques, different trenchless technology promoting organizations have developed guidelines for this technique. While ASTM International F1962 may be purchased from the ASTM International website (www.ASTM.org), the overall guidelines, including preliminary investigation and implementation procedures, as well as the detailed design methodology for selection of the proper pipe strength, are reflected inChapter 12 of the Plastic Pipe Institute (PPI) Handbook of Polyethylene Pipe, In addition, the ASTM International F1962 methodology is now available in a free online tool designated asPPI BoreAid. Lastly, the pipeline is pulled into the enlarged hole, thus creating a continuous segment of pipe underground exposed only at the two initial endpoints. Smaller diameter PE100 pipe can be pulled in directly from a coil trailer via a straightener re-rounder. [citation needed], Directional boring is used for installing infrastructure such as telecom and power cable conduits, water lines, sewer lines, gas lines, oil lines, product pipelines, and environmental remediation casings. Membership; Articles; Analyses . Most soil and rock types can be drilled with the appropriate tooling and processes. Special care must be taken with the pressure of drilling mud, especially when the operation is shallow. 765 0 obj <>stream The Conduit Design Calculator automates the Mini-HDD calculations described in PPI TR-46 Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe. The pipe bursting method is in full compliance with all federal regulations and guidelines. Day Activities . One of the most significant contributions of ASTM F1962 is the provision of a rational, analytical method for selecting the pipe strength based on estimated installation loads on the PE pipe. %PDF-1.6 % Often used in trenchless applications where digging is difficult or impossible, high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes have many characteristics that make them the choice product. Soils containing high percentage of gravel and cobbles are best avoided unless the contractor is especially experienced in the conditions. This can be changed at any time via the Cookies link at the bottom of the page. The route of the new main should be carefully investigated to identify any potential clashes with existing buried infrastructure and, where necessary, the exact locations of any such clashes should be proved by trial holing. Typical Entry Site Layout. with relatively shallow entry and exit angles, the associated load amplification due to this effect is not major; although for more complex paths, the effect could be very important. HDPE pipes are ideal for pulling through long, underground holes as they are flexible, robust, and resistant to almost all aggressive elements. This information is transmitted through the wire-line fitted within the drill string. hbbd``b`$mA,k D\ The initial decision involves selecting the size and capacity of the machine. For the geometry shown in FIGURE 2, with relatively shallow entry and exit angles, the associated load amplification due to this effect is not major; although for more complex paths, the effect could be very important. At the surface, the navigator in the drill cab performs the necessary calculations to confirm the parameters have been met. Typically a thicker wall is required for HDD pull-back capacity than is required for operating pressure. In particular, Table X1.1 provides the modulus of elasticity and safe pull tensile stress for HDPE (PE4710) and MDPE (PE2406) materials, as a function of load duration. This will require a check of ID and OD to ensure that flow capacity and external clearances are still adequate. For the larger diameters, the equipment is large, and requires support equipment such as generators and hydraulic power units. 2022 Underground Construction, 2022 Gulf Publishing Holdings LLC. Chapter 12 of the Plastic Pipe Institute (PPI) Handbook of Polyethylene Pipe, TR-46, Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe. This page was last edited on 12 December 2022, at 19:58. However, they are sufficiently general to consider the possible implementation of anti-buoyancy measures to reduce these otherwise high frictional forces. 0000015903 00000 n Other subsurface conditions which can impact the feasibility of directional boring include excessive rock strength and abrasivity, poor rock quality, and rock exhibiting karst features. Smaller drilling rigs suitable for installation of smaller diameters pipes are self-propelled rigs, typically track mounted, requiring little in the way of additional support equipment. Whilst the rods are simultaneously rotated and pushed, the bore will, provided it is not deflected by some obstruction, proceed in a straight line, but if it is simply pushed without rotation it will deflect in the opposite direction to the slant face on the drilling head. According to industry standards, quality plastic pipe should endure in excess of 100 years without failure. These two images show a small directional drilling rig being unloaded to install 100 metres of 100mm PE distribution main, and in place ready to start drilling. This weight is a function of the drilling fluid/slurrys density, for which a conservatively high value is suggested for design purposes. Directional boring offers significant environmental advantages over traditional cut and cover . The traversing pipeline can fully meet the design curve and deep buried, and the quality is safe and reliable. The pilot bore is created using a drilling head, which in its simplest form has a slanted face, and this is pushed and rotated by long high tensile flexible drill rods. For the larger diameters typically used for such applications, PE pipe is supplied in discrete segments that are fused together in the field, with essentially no loss in tensile strength, facilitating the pulling operation. 349 32 Horizontal directional drilling is the most cost-effective and efficient method for highway bores. Mini-HDD applications, for instance, tend to contain bore paths with additional curvature because of the need to avoid known obstacles or follow a curved right-of-way, as well as more subtle curvature due to path corrections characteristic or typically less precisely controlled installations. Typical Maxi-HDD Operation (Courtesy of Murphy Pipeline Contractors), FIGURE 2. Over the last two decades, contractors have increasingly turned to the horizontal directional drilling (HDD) method. One of the significant contributions of ASTM International F1962 is the provision of a rational, analytical method for selecting the polyethylene pipe strength based upon the estimated installation and post-installation (operational) loads on the polyethylene pipe. 0000004689 00000 n and Material (type of HDPE). The staging of larger diameter and longer pipelines may require the use of pipe rollers and other facilities to ensure the pipe is not damaged during pull-back. Lawrence Slavin, Ph.D., provides outside plant consulting services as a member of IEEE, the worlds largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity. Trenchless technologies, such as horizontal directional drilling, pipe bursting and slip lining allow the entire water supply and drainage system of a city to be replaced without causing a major traffic jam and incurring the enormous cost of restoring streets and roads. cut-and-cover and horizontal directional drilling (HDD) techniques are used to install utility pipes under flexible pavements. Pipe reaming, also known as pipe eating, is a trenchless pipe replacement technique that removes the host pipe while at the same time installing a new replacement pipe. At 180mm the maximum length on a coil is generally 100 metres, and smaller diameters can be longer. As the use of trenchless technology continues to grow in popularity and use, so too does the importance of using top-quality pipe material that meets the specific requirements of the particular technique being used. ASTM International F1962, Standard Guide for Use of Maxi-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of Polyethylene Pipe or Conduit Under Obstacles, Including River Crossings, provides recommended procedures for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD. Recycled water pipeline completed in Encinitas, Calif. Pipe Design and Selection Considerations (Section 8). The operator of the MGS communicates with the driller and guides him towards a predetermined engineered drill path. The theoretical model used to develop the formulae for estimating the peak required tension (Section 8) assumes that the local frictional drag forces on the pipe are proportional to the local normal bearing forces applied at the pipe surface. FIGURE 2 illustrates a typical geometry for a maxi-HDD operation, in this case corresponding to a river crossing. Rizkalla, Moness. Physical properties of the PE material(s) are provided in the appendices, which allow determination of an appropriate wall thickness for the pipe, depending on its diameter and estimated peak pulling force (or tendency to collapse). This phenomenon is referred to as the capstan effect, as it is the principle of the capstan winch, as illustrated in FIGURE 5. Drilling fluid may escape to the surface or other facilities unless carefully managed. The pulling load on the polyethylene pipe must not exceed the allowable tensile load, or safe pull strength of the pipe. Horizontal drilling or Utility Installation Directional Drilling, minimizes environmental impact and is often used when trenching or excavating is not a practical or viable option. Hn0EYZJ2^u6*u.!Z'3:f[@]p!1HvELiF|Uku mSYQ'IS`2"q ,`-*{|dcHgQcm=JpjW 4498 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4208EEF0A5E3F94484FA965871FBCC68><35164F1782C1CE48B496975219464345>]/Index[4487 20]/Info 4486 0 R/Length 74/Prev 887916/Root 4488 0 R/Size 4507/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Because the operator of the drilling rig might not notice a momentarily excessive pulling force, a load link inserted between the swivel and the PE100 pipe to record pulling load can be used to record the maximum axial load exerted on the pipe. hb```i|@Y8Ldhp`iPpgpg#LK:pt2&55/a?aOJ3h13(81dU 8vk& 47kQK\ V'Pj{r e7*fp7D ~aKr+dXi-@%q[cqSxj'VJmxj U[z'. 0000000936 00000 n For a drill of this length, with a pull back of 10 inch HDPE pipe, the anticipated schedule is set out in Table 2: Table 2. See also Excavations, pit sizes, Space and Access. At the "maxi" end of the range, several loads of equipment are typically shipped to site and the site area required is a significant consideration. All three systems have their own merits, and a particular system is chosen depending upon the site requirements. The use of HDPE pipes in trenchless technology is rapidly becoming a repair building and civil engineering The preferred method of domain pipeline. With a magnetic guidance system (MGS), the tool reads inclination and azimuth. ASTM F1962 addresses the overall planning and design, product selection and installation practices for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD equipment. Load on the selected HDPE conduit, as compared to the allowable Safe Nonetheless, some mini-HDD installations may be considered to be relatively critical, or approach limits with respect to the capability of the available drill rig and/or the strength of the product pipe being installed. Certain users require weak links that fail before the pipe if overload occurs but this will result in a partly installed pipe with no means of completing the installation without major disruption, cost and delay. Experience: Actively engaged in horizontal directional drilling for minimum of 3 years. 0000029623 00000 n Calculator allows, users are recommended to review PPI TR-46 and/or ASTM Whilst the drilling equipment is able to drill down from the surface at the start and come back up to the surface at the exit, there does need to be an excavation at each end to act as a sump for drilling fluid reclamation, but the most critical factor is to provide the space to transfer the new pipe from ground level down to the bore, and this will depend upon both the diameter and length of the installed pipe. 745 0 obj <> endobj 0000029587 00000 n greater than 1.0 indicates that the displayed wall type will have The number of construction personnel is relatively small, and at least 10-20 people are required for manual excavation, while only 7 people are used for pipeline directional drilling technology. The ASTM document provides overall guidelines for a maxi-HDD operation, addressing preliminary site investigation; safety and environmental considerations, regulations and damage prevention; bore path layout and design; implementation; and inspection and site cleanup. HDD Analyser is a comprehensive program for the design analysis of pipelines crossings by horizontal direction drilling methodology. ~U4chn~ _ must be consistent with the steering capability of the maxi-HDD equipment, and the bending capability of the drill rods. There is no request too small or job too complex. The two major sources of possible damage to the new pipe are excessive pulling force exerted if the pipe seizes during pull-back as might occur if some of the bore collapses, and scoring by any hard or rock fragments in the bore. [4], The equipment used in directional boring depends on the length of the (proposed) crossing, the pipe properties (of the to-be-installed pipeline), and the (anticipated) subsurface conditions. Because of its high ductility and flexibility, and ability to be fused in continuous lengths, per the well-established ASTM standards and by experienced contractors, PE, particularly high-density polyethylene (HDPE), is the most commonly used pipe product for HDD projects. v. Hinueber, Edgar (iMAR Navigation) (2006). When new pipe is to be installed or it is not possible to rehabilitate a pipe, so that it needs to be replaced but is in a congested area of buried infrastructure so that conventional methods such as bursting cannot be used safely, then a new or replacement PE100 pipe can often be installed by horizontal directional drilling. Horizontal drilling, one type of directional drilling, is a method that is used to install pipes, conduits and cables underground in a long shallow arc. ASTM International F1962, Standard Guide for Use of Maxi-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of Polyethylene Pipe or Conduit Under Obstacles, Including River Crossings, provides recommended procedures for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD. The drilling fluid is typically a suspension of a bentonite clay and polymers. Safety is a primary concern, during any activity, including construction utilizing maxi-HDD equipment and procedures. Safe for the environment, recyclable and does not emit hazardous toxins during manufacturing or installation. Directional boring, also referred to as horizontal directional drilling (HDD), is a minimal impact trenchless method of installing underground utilities such as pipe, conduit, or cables in a relatively shallow arc or radius along a prescribed underground path using a surface-launched drilling rig. 0000016763 00000 n $``bd20 3|` F Directional Drilling Directional drilling is the drilling of non vertical wells. 0 Example of Capstan Effect (Courtesy of Outside Plant Consulting Services, Inc.). printed as a PDF file or as a paper file. Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is often used to install HDPE pipe in situations where an obstacle, either above ground or below the surface, does not allow traditional installation methods to be used. Although the TR-46 guidelines are primarily intended for mini-HDD operations, depending on the particular project, the information may also be applicable to a midi-HDD installation. We are not only a product manufacturer, also a solution provider, whether you have a Question or Request For Quotations, we're here to help. Drilling fluid holds the cuttings in suspension to prevent them from clogging the bore. HDPE water pressure pipes can be connected by a process called butt fusion, where the ends of the pipes are heated and joined together. They also have many advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, minimal impact on the environment, and safer processes. Add: 13th F, Longyu International Building, Zhengzhou Area(Zhengdong), China(Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone. Such results could be further refined by competent engineering expertise, including analysis of pipe and soil characteristics and interaction, often including the use of relatively sophisticated software tools, possibly based on the ASTM F1962 methodology. Thus, ASTM International F 1962 provides a means of determining project feasibility, as well as initial design information. International, Inc., 2015, pg. Toggle navigation. The biggest advantage of HDPE HDPE trenchless pipes for HDD besides its long-life expectancy, is its heat-fused joints, which make the pipe a single homogenous pipeline. TR-46, Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe, was therefore developed to serve as an inclusive document, providing practices for selection and placement of HDPE pipe using mini-HDD. to facilitate typical operations. In contrast, tooling intended to navigate soft soils may be limited to high carbon steel (milled to a desired shape and size). The HDPE pipe should not be cut prematurely. It is important to properly use the drilling fluid for the initial pilot bore and reaming operations, and to accurately locate and track the bore path. This is to be avoided if at all possible. 757 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<818473D849B370E99276959C150446C3><5862925C0F04774D9936C4C2CD7CF8D7>]/Index[745 21]/Info 744 0 R/Length 69/Prev 35703/Root 746 0 R/Size 766/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Pipeline geo-environmental design and geohazard management. ?5Hb0CB$ 17C``!Dc@ q Tensions induced in the PE pipe, as it passes any curve, become amplified because the tensile forces tend to pull the pipe against the curved surface. H|SQO0~W#. Fluid can be pumped through the drill rods and out through jets in the bit to assist the operation. Pipe entry point is at the opposite end of the drill rig location, which coincides with the pipe exit.. 0000018014 00000 n Successive reamers of increasing diameter are used until the bore is of sufficient size to accept the PE100 pipe. This method applies tension to the PE100 pipe during installation. Mini-HDD operations are often performed during an upgrade of a large community, comprising many individual installations, with any single installation typically not receiving extensive investigation or analysis. Alternate materials will require prior approval. 0000003343 00000 n It is designed to be maintenance free as there is no need for man-entry maintenance. Horizontal Directional Drilling Good Practices, 3rd Edition; c. The Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia (PIPA); d. Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA .

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